Military Notebook: Military Discussions

[Armynia]

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«Միություն-2015. Հաղթանակի ժառանգներ-Հայաստան» միջազգային երիտասարդական ռազմամարզական կրթական մրցույթ-հավաքի բացման արարողությունը Ծաղկաձորում

[Armynia]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

[Armynia]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

[Armynia]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

Artsakh Liberation War (1988-1994)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_War













The Nagorno-Karabakh War, referred to as (Արցախյան ազատամարտ) by Armenians, was an ethnic conflict that took place in the late 1980s to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh.

As the war progressed, Armenia and Azerbaijan, both former Soviet Republics, entangled themselves in a protracted, undeclared war in the mountainous heights of Karabakh as Azerbaijan attempted to curb the secessionist movement in Nagorno-Karabakh.

Full-scale fighting erupted in the late winter of 1992. International mediation by several groups including the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) failed to bring an end resolution that both sides could work with.












Date: 20 February 1988 – 12 May 1994 (6 years, 2 months, 3 weeks and 1 day)

Location: Nagorno-Karabakh, Armenia and Azerbaijan

Result: Armenian military victory

-Bishkek Protocol (still in effect)
-Ongoing blockade of Armenia by Turkey since 1993
-Ongoing peace talks to determine the future of the disputed territory
-Sporadic border skirmishes




Belligerents:

(1988–1991)
Nagorno-Karabakh AO
Armenian SSR
Armenian militia (Dashnaktsutyun)

(1991–1994)
Nagorno-Karabakh
Armenia

Armament support:
Russia
Greece


Vs
(1988–1991)
Azerbaijan SSR
Azerbaijani Popular Front
Soviet Union

(1991–1994)
Azerbaijan
Turkey (direct military & political support)

Foreign mercenaries:
Hezb-e-Islami
Chechen militants
Grey Wolves


Armament support:
Israel
Ukraine
Russia



Commanders and leaders:
Armenian Army

Levon Ter-Petrosyan
Vazgen Sargsyan
Vazgen Manukyan
Serzh Sargsyan
Gurgen Dalibaltayan
Norat Ter-Grigoryants
Tatul Krpeyan †
Artur Mkrtchyan
Robert Kocharyan
Samvel Babayan
Arkady Ter-Tadevosyan
Christopher Ivanyan
Seyran Ohanyan
Monte Melkonian †


Vs
Azeri forces

Ayaz Mutallibov
Abulfaz Elchibey
Heydar Aliyev
Isgandar Hamidov
Surat Huseynov
Safar Abiyev
Rahim Gaziyev
Shamil Basayev
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar





Strength:
Armenian Army
20,000 (NKR forces, includes 8,000 from Armenia)

Vs
Azeri Forces
Total: 64,000 includes
Afghan mujahideen: 1,000–3,000
Chechen militants: 300
Turkey: 350 officers and "thousands" of volunteers, including 200 Grey Wolves



Casualties and losses:
Armenian Army
Dead: 5,856–6,000
Wounded: 20,000
Missing: 196

Vs
Azeri Forces
Dead: 20,000–30,000
Wounded: 50,000
Missing: 4,210






In 1963, around 2,500 Karabakh Armenians signed a petition calling for Karabakh to be put under Armenian control or to be transferred to Russia. Also in 1963, there were violent clashes in Stepanakert, leading to the death of 18 Armenians. In 1965 and 1977, there were large demonstrations in Yerevan, which also called for unifying Karabakh with Armenia. As the new general secretary of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, came to power in 1985, he began implementing his plans to reform the Soviet Union. These were encapsulated in two policies: perestroika and glasnost. While perestroika had more to do with economic reform, glasnost or "openness" granted limited freedom to Soviet citizens to express grievances about the Soviet system itself and its leaders. Capitalizing on this new policy of Moscow, the leaders of the Regional Soviet of Karabakh decided to vote in favor of unifying the autonomous region with Armenia on 20 February 1988.



The resolution read:

Welcoming the wishes of the workers of the Nagorny Karabakh Autonomous Region to request the Supreme Soviets of the Azerbaijani SSR and the Armenian SSR to display a feeling of deep understanding of the aspirations of the Armenian population of Nagorny Karabakh and to resolve the question of transferring the Nagorny Karabakh Autonomous Region from the Azerbaijani SSR to the Armenian SSR, at the same time to intercede with the Supreme Soviet of the USSR to reach a positive resolution on the issue of transferring the region from the Azerbaijani SSR to the Armenian SSR.




Since the end of the Nagorno-Karabakh War, Armenia has committed many elements of the army to help bolster the defense and defend the unrecognized Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh from a possible renewal of hostilities with neighboring Azerbaijan. Jane's World Armies reports that both conscripts and officers from Armenia are routinely sent for duty to Karabakh, often posted to the frontline between Karabakh Armenian and Azerbaijani forces.


























Andranik Ozanian

Garegin Njdeh

Monte Melkonian

Vazgen Sargsyan

[Haykakan]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

You forgot to mention the role of Iran in the above post.

[Armynia]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

You forgot to mention the role of Iran in the above post.

Then help us to know more

[Haykakan]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

Then help us to know more

http://eng.iran.ru/news/analytics/26/Iran_and_the_Karabakh_Conflict

[Armynia]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

Liberation of Shushi (1992)





















The Capture of Shusha, referred to as the Liberation of Shushi ( Շուշիի ազատագրումը) was the first significant military victory by Armenian forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The battle took place in the strategically important mountain town of Shushi on the evening of May 8, 1992, and fighting swiftly concluded the next day after Armenian forces captured it and drove out the defending Azeris. Armenian military commanders based in Nagorno-Karabakh's capital of Stepanakert had been contemplating the capture of the town after a hail of Azeri military bombardment had begun shelling Stepanakert.


It was named "Wedding in the Mountains" by the Armenian commandership. The seizure of the town proved decisive. Shushi was the most important military stronghold that Azerbaijan held in Nagorno-Karabakh – its loss marked a turning point in the war, and led to a series of military victories by Armenian forces in the course of the conflict





memorial commemorating the capture of Shushi














Date: May 8–9, 1992
Location: Shushi, Nagorno-Karabakh
Result: Decisive Armenian victory



Belligerents:
Armenia
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh

Vs
Azerbaijan Republic of Azerbaijan
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Chechnya



Commanders and leaders:
Armenian Army
Armenia Gurgen Daribaltayan
Armenia Jirair Sefilian
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Arkady Ter-Tatevosyan
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Samvel Babayan

Vs
Azeri forces
Azerbaijan Elbrus Orujev
Azerbaijan Elkhan Orujev
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Shamil Basayev
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Khunkar-Pasha Israpilov



Strength:
Armenian army
1,000 troops
4 tanks,
2 Mil Mi-24 helicopters

Vs
Azeri forces
2,500 troops
BM-21 Grad artillery



Casualties and losses:
Armenian Army
30–50

Vs
Azeri forces
159–200





Planning for the military operation began under the auspices of Colonel-General Gurgen Daribaltayan with guidance from Arkady Ter-Tadevosyan. All of the military factors were in favor of the Azeri Army. The Azeris had advantage in terms of the quantity and the quality of military equipment; they held a numerical superiority; and also held the high ground and, due to the strategic position of Shushi, the town could be easily defended.


Therefore, a direct attack by Armenian forces was not a viable option for Gurgen Daribaltayan. Furthermore, according to military conventions and practices, for the operation to be successful, the attacking party should outnumber the defenders by at least 3–4 times (even more when attacking an elevation), while the NKR Detachments simply did not have such manpower at the time. Instead, in conjunction with the commander who would lead the troops into Shushi, Arkady "Komandos" Ter-Tatevosyan, they devised a strategy of launching several diversionary attacks against the adjacent villages to draw out the defenders of the town.



In the twilight hours of May 8, Ter-Tatevosyan directed his forces to assail Shusha from different directions and attack its flanks and its rear to avoid the ridge facing Stepanakert which was the town's most easily defendable location. The force was divided into 5 companies, 4 of which (under command of Arkady Karapetyan, Valery Chechyan, Samvel Babayan and Seyran Ohanyan) would attack from different directions, and the 5th (under command of Yura Ovanisyan) would remain as reserve in case any of the groups needed immediate reinforcement. The primary contingent of the attacking force was made up primarily of foot infantry but was complemented by at least four tanks and two attack helicopters. Amongst the Armenians who took part in the taking of the town was the future President of Armenia, Robert Kocharyan.


Armenia's western neighbor, Turkey, took umbrage after Armenian troops had captured the town Shushi. Süleyman Demirel, Turkey's prime minister said that he was coming under intense pressure by the Turkish people to send military help to Azerbaijan. The two peoples are ethnically and culturally related. Demirel however decided not to heed their calls partly because the commander of the CIS forces based in Caucasus, Yevgeny Shaposhnikov had warned that such an incursion would lead to "the verge of a third world war, and that cannot be allowed.


Attendants of it included veterans of the battle and the Nagorno-Karabakh war and veterans from the Second World War since May 9 also marks Victory in Europe day.

[Armynia]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

Mardakert and Martuni Offensives (1992)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mardak...uni_Offensives







The Mardakert and Martuni Offensives took place during the late summer and early autumn months of 1992 in fighting between Armenians and Azeris during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.











Date: Late summer to early autumn of 1992
Location: Mardakert and Martuni, Nagorno-Karabakh.
Result: Armenian victory

Belligerents:
Nagorno-Karabakh

Vs
Azerbaijan


Commanders and leaders:
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
Monte Melkonian

Vs
Azeri forces



-On June 27, the offensive was launched towards the adjacent village of Jardar where Melkonian's fighters had dug in to confront them. The use of anti-tank projectiles decimated the Azeris' armor and allowed the detachments to resist being overrun.

-The presence of the armored vehicles were also proven to be useless in a close combat environment as they were found to be vulnerable targets where maneuvering space was limited and where the defenders easily picked off vehicles that strayed away from the fighting.

-Following the next day and subsequent weeks, several more offensives were launched by the Azeris, all of which were staved off and credited to Melkonian's organization and command leadership.


-Armenian forces captured the surrounding Azeri held villages on October 2. The attack culminated in the capture of the Azeris' headquarters at Kurapatkino, putting an end to the shellings upon Martuni.

[Eddo211]

Re: Military Notebook: Military Discussions

Such an important victory.