ARMENIA THIS WEEK December 12, 2005
ARMENIA THIS WEEK December 12, 2005
IN THIS ISSUE: Armenia Strengthens its Security and Military Cooperation
with the West; IMF Praises Armenia's Economic Reform Policy; Armenia
Expands Energy Capacity as Russia Plans Gas Price Hike; Mediators Submit
New NK Peace Proposal; ArmeniaNow: Destruction of Armenian Monuments in
Nakhichevan Documented.
ARMENIA STRENGTHENS ITS SECURITY AND MILITARY COOPERATION WITH THE WEST
Armenia's Parliament last week voted 73 to 12 to extend the presence of
the country's peacekeeping detachment with the U.S.-led coalition in
Iraq by another year.
Also last week, the Armenian government presented its Individual
Partnership Action Plan with NATO to the Alliance leadership. The Plan
is due to be approved before the end of the year. It will serve as a
framework for increased Armenia-NATO cooperation and contribute to
Armenia's defense reform. (Sources: Mediamax 12-5, 9; RFE/RL Armenia
Report 12-7; AP 12-8)
IMF PRAISES ARMENIA FOR ECONOMIC REFORM
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) reiterated support for Armenia's
economic policies in a study released last week. Presenting the paper,
IMF's Armenia representative James McHugh called Armenia a "reform
leader" in the former Soviet space. The 100-page report, entitled
"Economic growth and poverty reduction in Armenia. Achievements and
challenges," reviews Armenia's recovery and notes that in terms of
economic growth the country has outperformed its fellow low-income
states. "Despite geographical isolation, trade blockades and occasional
political upheaval, Armenia's economic performance during the past four
years has been remarkable," notes the IMF report under the leadership of
Enrique Gelbard, a senior Fund official. Armenia's Gross Domestic
Product has grown on average by eleven percent in the past five years,
accompanied by reduction of poverty and low inflation. IMF credits
Armenia's monetary policies, liberal trade and foreign exchange
regulations for the turnaround. The study further notes that lifting of
existing blockades, particularly on the Turkish-Armenian border, would
have an "extremely positive" impact on Armenia's future growth
potential. (Sources: Armenia This Week 8-1; Mediamax 12-6; RFE/RL
Armenia Report 12-6)
ARMENIA EXPANDS ENERGY CAPACITY AS RUSSIA PLANS GAS PRICE HIKE Armenia
inaugurated its first wind power plant this week and officials confirmed
plans to increase domestic energy capacities that would be independent
of Russian companies, which hold a dominant place in Armenia's energy
market. This progress coincided with the Russian government's decision
to double the price of gas sold to Armenia and Georgia, while also
substantially increasing prices for Ukraine, Moldova and Baltic states.
Russian natural gas currently accounts for about forty percent of all
electricity generated in Armenia, while another forty percent is
generated by nuclear power (also dependent on Russian raw materials) and
most of the rest through hydro power. The Armenian government is seeking
to ease Russia's near monopoly in Armenia's energy sector by
constructing a new gas pipeline from Iran, launching new hydro, wind,
solar and biogas power plants, and considering a possible new nuclear
power plant to replace the existing aging reactor.
Gazprom, Russia's state-owned natural gas monopoly, says the new prices
amount to an end to subsidized gas prices for the former Soviet
republics. The debt-ridden company expects to make an additional $3.5
billion a year after new prices come into force.
MEDIATORS SUBMIT NEW KARABAKH PEACE PROPOSAL Envoys from France, Russia
and the United States submitted a new proposal on the resolution of the
Karabakh conflict to Armenian and Azeri officials last week, Russia's
envoy Yuri Merzlyakov confirmed last week. The proposal reportedly
builds on the bilateral negotiations held between Presidents Robert
Kocharian and Ilham Aliyev and their foreign ministers over the past two
years. While details of the proposal have not been officially made
public, past media reports suggested the proposal entails a repeat
referendum on Karabakh's status along with troop withdrawals from most
of the Karabakh Armenian-controlled buffer zones.
A recent report by the International Crisis Group (ICG), a
non-government think tank, essentially backed this approach, arguing for
withdrawals and refugee resettlement prior to determination of status.
In a response to the ICG paper, Dr. Hayk Kotanjian, a policy advisor to
Defense Minister Serge Sargsian but writing in a private capacity,
argued that if a new referendum on Karabakh's status is to be held, it
must precede any troop withdrawals or population movements. Kotanjian
also argued for a special status of Armenian-controlled districts
between NKR and Armenia. The mediators are due to visit the region later
this week and another Kocharian-Aliyev summit is anticipated some time
in January. (Sources: Armenia This Week 10-17; www.harvard-bssp.org
12-6; Mediamax 12-8, 9)
A WEEKLY NEWSLETTER PUBLISHED BY THE ARMENIAN ASSEMBLY OF AMERICA 1140
19th Street, N.W., Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20036 (202) 393-3434 FAX
(202) 638-4904
E-Mail [email protected] WEB http://www.aaainc.org
ArmeniaNow.com
September 02, 2005
Monumental Effort: Scotsman wants to prove Azeri policy of cultural
destruction in Nakhijevan By Gayane Mkrtchyan, ArmeniaNow reporter
A Scotsman, Steven Sim, takes out books about Armenian historical and
cultural monuments from his backpack, as well as maps of contemporary
and historical Armenian territories. He says that he is in love with
Armenian monuments, and this love was born in him 20 years ago when he
visited the ruins of Ani, once Armenia's capital, and made his first
photograph there.
Currently on one of his visits to Armenia, Sim was just in Nakhijevan,
visiting the famous Armenian cemetery in Nor Jugha, from where he
returned angry and disappointed. "I was advised to leave the place as
soon as possible unless I wanted trouble," Sim says. [...]
"Generally, the photographs of the monuments of Nakhijevan were
published in numerous books. I was also advised to go and see them by
the chairman of the Research on Armenian Architecture organization Armen
Hakhnazaryan, with whom I have close ties," says Sim.
Sim fulfilled his dream two weeks ago. He went to Turkey, and from there
to Nakhijevan (which is under Azerbaijan rule), then he took a train to
Jugha to see the khachkars of the cemetery on the road, as the railway
directly passes by the cemetery. But he was quickly spotted as a
foreigner. Sim says that controllers strictly prohibited him from taking
photographs or even to look out of the window. [...] "Before reaching
Jugha two of the controllers left the compartment and I had time to look
through the window. I was taken aback, because there was not a single
standing khachkar (stone cross) there. All of them were lying, facing
the ground, or ruined. Meanwhile, 10 years ago I saw from across the
border 2,000 standing khachkars."
The Jugha cemetery situated on a territory of 1,600 sq. meters is
located on the west side of Jugha - on three hills. [...] In 1648,
according to the data of traveler Alexander Rodes, it had 10,000
well-preserved khachkars. In 1903-1904, after the construction of a
railway, along with the destruction of a number of the town's monuments
also destroyed were part of the cemetery's khachkars. During that time
there were 5,000 standing and collapsed khachkars registered. According
to the data of 1915 and then 1928-29, there were up to 3,000 khachkars
and a few thousand flat, two-edged, cap-shaped tombstones. In 1971-1973,
only 2,707 were preserved in Jugha, and in the cemeteries of churches
and the All-Savior monastery and elsewhere there were 250 khachkars, and
1,000 tombstones. Sim says that a great part of the cemetery situated on
a hill next to Jugha does not exist anymore. The khachkars on the other
two hills are turned upside down.
In 1998-1999, Iranian-Armenian architects photographed evidence that the
Azeris were using bulldozers to destroy the last vestiges of Armenian
culture in the territory across the Arax. "What I saw was real
savageness, but I cannot say that they did not leave anything, since
there are still lying khachkars," says Sim.
After Jugha he decided to go to see the current condition of the
churches that he saw in books. He took a taxi from Nakhijevan to the
town of Abrakunis to see Surb Karapet Church (1381). Sim photographed
from the same spot, the same scene that he saw in the books, but without
the church.
"They razed it to the ground, they did not leave even the slightest
thing reminding of the church, it was totally cleared. When I asked the
locals where the village church was, they showed the empty territory
situated near the entrance. The only thing that reminds of the existence
of a church in the past was the pieces of brick buried in the ground,"
says Sim.
After Abrakunis he went north and visited the villages of Khanega,
Ilandagh (Odzasar) and Khachi Sar. There he also found ruined and
destroyed Armenian monuments and churches. The following day he took a
bus to Ordubad to go to on to Agulis from there. However, the police
prohibited him from going to Agulis. They even prohibited him to leave
the center of the town.
"I did not oppose the ban, as tension was already obvious. Officially
the purpose of my visit there was to see Islamic and Armenian holy
places. In Nakhijevan they treat foreigners with suspicion. It does not
matter whether you are an Armenian or a representative of another
nationality. In Ordubad, too, every Armenian thing was destroyed," he
says.
Thereafter, Sim went to one of the remotest regions of Nakhijevan [...]
to the village of Shorut. What Sim saw there brought him to one
conviction: "It is a special state policy being implemented throughout
Nakhijevan."
Nothing is left of the churches once situated in Shorut - the churches
of Patriarch Hakob, Grigor Lusavorich, Surb Stepanos, Surb Astvatsatsin,
nor the khachkars dated 924-926. The villagers claim that there were no
Armenian churches there. The oldest of them even began to speak Armenian
with Sim to try to identify his nationality.
Having visited Turkey and Azerbaijan, studying the Armenian monuments
Sim says: "I don't think that there is a central government program in
Turkey to destroy monuments. There, it is even possible to purchase
travel guides telling about numerous Armenian churches. But a special
state policy of destruction is being implemented in Azerbaijan. In
Turkey, after 90 years of staying empty, there are still standing
churches today, meanwhile in Nakhijevan, all have been destroyed within
just 10 years." [...]
"I raise my voice of protest and want everybody to listen to me. If such
monuments are being destroyed, then it is an evil deed directed against
all of mankind," Sim said on a visit to ArmeniaNow newsroom.
"The khachkars of Jugha are cultural values of international importance.
Once, the problem was raised at UNESCO, however Azerbaijan did not
receive its representatives, which shows that they are hiding the facts.
And the photographs are very, very important. It will be possible to
prove the truth through them.
ARMENIA THIS WEEK December 12, 2005
IN THIS ISSUE: Armenia Strengthens its Security and Military Cooperation
with the West; IMF Praises Armenia's Economic Reform Policy; Armenia
Expands Energy Capacity as Russia Plans Gas Price Hike; Mediators Submit
New NK Peace Proposal; ArmeniaNow: Destruction of Armenian Monuments in
Nakhichevan Documented.
ARMENIA STRENGTHENS ITS SECURITY AND MILITARY COOPERATION WITH THE WEST
Armenia's Parliament last week voted 73 to 12 to extend the presence of
the country's peacekeeping detachment with the U.S.-led coalition in
Iraq by another year.
Also last week, the Armenian government presented its Individual
Partnership Action Plan with NATO to the Alliance leadership. The Plan
is due to be approved before the end of the year. It will serve as a
framework for increased Armenia-NATO cooperation and contribute to
Armenia's defense reform. (Sources: Mediamax 12-5, 9; RFE/RL Armenia
Report 12-7; AP 12-8)
IMF PRAISES ARMENIA FOR ECONOMIC REFORM
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) reiterated support for Armenia's
economic policies in a study released last week. Presenting the paper,
IMF's Armenia representative James McHugh called Armenia a "reform
leader" in the former Soviet space. The 100-page report, entitled
"Economic growth and poverty reduction in Armenia. Achievements and
challenges," reviews Armenia's recovery and notes that in terms of
economic growth the country has outperformed its fellow low-income
states. "Despite geographical isolation, trade blockades and occasional
political upheaval, Armenia's economic performance during the past four
years has been remarkable," notes the IMF report under the leadership of
Enrique Gelbard, a senior Fund official. Armenia's Gross Domestic
Product has grown on average by eleven percent in the past five years,
accompanied by reduction of poverty and low inflation. IMF credits
Armenia's monetary policies, liberal trade and foreign exchange
regulations for the turnaround. The study further notes that lifting of
existing blockades, particularly on the Turkish-Armenian border, would
have an "extremely positive" impact on Armenia's future growth
potential. (Sources: Armenia This Week 8-1; Mediamax 12-6; RFE/RL
Armenia Report 12-6)
ARMENIA EXPANDS ENERGY CAPACITY AS RUSSIA PLANS GAS PRICE HIKE Armenia
inaugurated its first wind power plant this week and officials confirmed
plans to increase domestic energy capacities that would be independent
of Russian companies, which hold a dominant place in Armenia's energy
market. This progress coincided with the Russian government's decision
to double the price of gas sold to Armenia and Georgia, while also
substantially increasing prices for Ukraine, Moldova and Baltic states.
Russian natural gas currently accounts for about forty percent of all
electricity generated in Armenia, while another forty percent is
generated by nuclear power (also dependent on Russian raw materials) and
most of the rest through hydro power. The Armenian government is seeking
to ease Russia's near monopoly in Armenia's energy sector by
constructing a new gas pipeline from Iran, launching new hydro, wind,
solar and biogas power plants, and considering a possible new nuclear
power plant to replace the existing aging reactor.
Gazprom, Russia's state-owned natural gas monopoly, says the new prices
amount to an end to subsidized gas prices for the former Soviet
republics. The debt-ridden company expects to make an additional $3.5
billion a year after new prices come into force.
MEDIATORS SUBMIT NEW KARABAKH PEACE PROPOSAL Envoys from France, Russia
and the United States submitted a new proposal on the resolution of the
Karabakh conflict to Armenian and Azeri officials last week, Russia's
envoy Yuri Merzlyakov confirmed last week. The proposal reportedly
builds on the bilateral negotiations held between Presidents Robert
Kocharian and Ilham Aliyev and their foreign ministers over the past two
years. While details of the proposal have not been officially made
public, past media reports suggested the proposal entails a repeat
referendum on Karabakh's status along with troop withdrawals from most
of the Karabakh Armenian-controlled buffer zones.
A recent report by the International Crisis Group (ICG), a
non-government think tank, essentially backed this approach, arguing for
withdrawals and refugee resettlement prior to determination of status.
In a response to the ICG paper, Dr. Hayk Kotanjian, a policy advisor to
Defense Minister Serge Sargsian but writing in a private capacity,
argued that if a new referendum on Karabakh's status is to be held, it
must precede any troop withdrawals or population movements. Kotanjian
also argued for a special status of Armenian-controlled districts
between NKR and Armenia. The mediators are due to visit the region later
this week and another Kocharian-Aliyev summit is anticipated some time
in January. (Sources: Armenia This Week 10-17; www.harvard-bssp.org
12-6; Mediamax 12-8, 9)
A WEEKLY NEWSLETTER PUBLISHED BY THE ARMENIAN ASSEMBLY OF AMERICA 1140
19th Street, N.W., Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20036 (202) 393-3434 FAX
(202) 638-4904
E-Mail [email protected] WEB http://www.aaainc.org
ArmeniaNow.com
September 02, 2005
Monumental Effort: Scotsman wants to prove Azeri policy of cultural
destruction in Nakhijevan By Gayane Mkrtchyan, ArmeniaNow reporter
A Scotsman, Steven Sim, takes out books about Armenian historical and
cultural monuments from his backpack, as well as maps of contemporary
and historical Armenian territories. He says that he is in love with
Armenian monuments, and this love was born in him 20 years ago when he
visited the ruins of Ani, once Armenia's capital, and made his first
photograph there.
Currently on one of his visits to Armenia, Sim was just in Nakhijevan,
visiting the famous Armenian cemetery in Nor Jugha, from where he
returned angry and disappointed. "I was advised to leave the place as
soon as possible unless I wanted trouble," Sim says. [...]
"Generally, the photographs of the monuments of Nakhijevan were
published in numerous books. I was also advised to go and see them by
the chairman of the Research on Armenian Architecture organization Armen
Hakhnazaryan, with whom I have close ties," says Sim.
Sim fulfilled his dream two weeks ago. He went to Turkey, and from there
to Nakhijevan (which is under Azerbaijan rule), then he took a train to
Jugha to see the khachkars of the cemetery on the road, as the railway
directly passes by the cemetery. But he was quickly spotted as a
foreigner. Sim says that controllers strictly prohibited him from taking
photographs or even to look out of the window. [...] "Before reaching
Jugha two of the controllers left the compartment and I had time to look
through the window. I was taken aback, because there was not a single
standing khachkar (stone cross) there. All of them were lying, facing
the ground, or ruined. Meanwhile, 10 years ago I saw from across the
border 2,000 standing khachkars."
The Jugha cemetery situated on a territory of 1,600 sq. meters is
located on the west side of Jugha - on three hills. [...] In 1648,
according to the data of traveler Alexander Rodes, it had 10,000
well-preserved khachkars. In 1903-1904, after the construction of a
railway, along with the destruction of a number of the town's monuments
also destroyed were part of the cemetery's khachkars. During that time
there were 5,000 standing and collapsed khachkars registered. According
to the data of 1915 and then 1928-29, there were up to 3,000 khachkars
and a few thousand flat, two-edged, cap-shaped tombstones. In 1971-1973,
only 2,707 were preserved in Jugha, and in the cemeteries of churches
and the All-Savior monastery and elsewhere there were 250 khachkars, and
1,000 tombstones. Sim says that a great part of the cemetery situated on
a hill next to Jugha does not exist anymore. The khachkars on the other
two hills are turned upside down.
In 1998-1999, Iranian-Armenian architects photographed evidence that the
Azeris were using bulldozers to destroy the last vestiges of Armenian
culture in the territory across the Arax. "What I saw was real
savageness, but I cannot say that they did not leave anything, since
there are still lying khachkars," says Sim.
After Jugha he decided to go to see the current condition of the
churches that he saw in books. He took a taxi from Nakhijevan to the
town of Abrakunis to see Surb Karapet Church (1381). Sim photographed
from the same spot, the same scene that he saw in the books, but without
the church.
"They razed it to the ground, they did not leave even the slightest
thing reminding of the church, it was totally cleared. When I asked the
locals where the village church was, they showed the empty territory
situated near the entrance. The only thing that reminds of the existence
of a church in the past was the pieces of brick buried in the ground,"
says Sim.
After Abrakunis he went north and visited the villages of Khanega,
Ilandagh (Odzasar) and Khachi Sar. There he also found ruined and
destroyed Armenian monuments and churches. The following day he took a
bus to Ordubad to go to on to Agulis from there. However, the police
prohibited him from going to Agulis. They even prohibited him to leave
the center of the town.
"I did not oppose the ban, as tension was already obvious. Officially
the purpose of my visit there was to see Islamic and Armenian holy
places. In Nakhijevan they treat foreigners with suspicion. It does not
matter whether you are an Armenian or a representative of another
nationality. In Ordubad, too, every Armenian thing was destroyed," he
says.
Thereafter, Sim went to one of the remotest regions of Nakhijevan [...]
to the village of Shorut. What Sim saw there brought him to one
conviction: "It is a special state policy being implemented throughout
Nakhijevan."
Nothing is left of the churches once situated in Shorut - the churches
of Patriarch Hakob, Grigor Lusavorich, Surb Stepanos, Surb Astvatsatsin,
nor the khachkars dated 924-926. The villagers claim that there were no
Armenian churches there. The oldest of them even began to speak Armenian
with Sim to try to identify his nationality.
Having visited Turkey and Azerbaijan, studying the Armenian monuments
Sim says: "I don't think that there is a central government program in
Turkey to destroy monuments. There, it is even possible to purchase
travel guides telling about numerous Armenian churches. But a special
state policy of destruction is being implemented in Azerbaijan. In
Turkey, after 90 years of staying empty, there are still standing
churches today, meanwhile in Nakhijevan, all have been destroyed within
just 10 years." [...]
"I raise my voice of protest and want everybody to listen to me. If such
monuments are being destroyed, then it is an evil deed directed against
all of mankind," Sim said on a visit to ArmeniaNow newsroom.
"The khachkars of Jugha are cultural values of international importance.
Once, the problem was raised at UNESCO, however Azerbaijan did not
receive its representatives, which shows that they are hiding the facts.
And the photographs are very, very important. It will be possible to
prove the truth through them.
Comment